1925年11月1日，蔣北扶出生於不列顛哥倫比亞省維多利亞市。1945年，蔣北扶從維多利亞高中畢業，然後就讀於維多利亞學院和不列顛哥倫比亞大學，並於1949年被麥吉爾大學醫學院錄取。1953年，蔣博士移居溫哥華，在溫哥華綜合醫院完成住地實習。1958年，他被任命為溫哥華總醫院的首席住院醫師，並於1959年進入醫療部門，成為專門從事血管外科手術的專家醫師。此後不久，蔣北扶博士開始在不列顛哥倫比亞大學任教，並於1972年成為外科正式教授。蔣博士於1980年被任命為不列顛哥倫比亞大學醫院外科的系主任，任職近10年，直到1991年退休。

蔣美琳博士（黃妮）出生於中國上海，在香港長大。她於1948年畢業於中國湖南耶魯大學醫學中心，然後移居北美，先在維多利亞市的聖約瑟夫醫院進行醫學實習。然後在蒙特利爾的聖瑪麗醫院實習，並在那裡於1949年10月與蔣北扶博士相識。因為蔣美琳博士的祖母居住在華盛頓州，兩人於1953年6月7日在華盛頓西雅圖市結婚。然後，蔣美琳博士返回明尼蘇達州羅徹斯特市梅奧醫學中心完成婦產科的住地實習。1954年她搬到溫哥華與丈夫團聚，在那裡她擔任病理學醫師。1956年蔣美琳博士開辦了自己的診所。蔣美琳博士於1964年成為不列顛哥倫比亞大學醫學院的臨床講師，1979年晉升為臨床助理教授，1990年成為臨床副教授。在那個時期的溫哥華，蔣美琳博士是唯一的一名會講中文的婦產科醫生。在1995年退休之前，蔣美琳博士成功的接生7,200多名嬰兒。

蔣北扶博士和蔣美琳博士是最早一批從事醫學職業的華裔加拿大人。1953年，蔣北扶博士開始就業時，溫哥華只有7位華裔醫生，蔣美琳博士是其中不列顛哥倫比亞省的第一位華裔加拿大人和第一位女產科醫生。他們在一起有兩個孩子，瑪麗亞和斯蒂芬，兩個孩子都跟隨父母學醫。

蔣北扶博士和蔣美琳博士都為他們的社區做出了很大貢獻。蔣北扶博士是眾多文化委員會的成員，包括溫哥華中華文化中心，國際龍舟協會，不列顛哥倫比亞省文化遺產信託基金會，溫哥華海事博物館和加拿大多元文化理事會，並幫助起草了1988年的《多元文化法案》。他還曾擔任美國外科醫生學院的院長，加拿大血管外科學會的主席和卑詩省癌症協會的會長。蔣北扶博士被授予125屆加拿大聯邦勳章（1992年），UBC榮譽校友獎（2002年），加拿大勳章（2005年）和不列顛哥倫比亞勳章（2006年）。蔣美琳博士是溫哥華真光中文學校的創始成員，曾在該校擔任總監21年，並擔任財務主管27年。她被英屬哥倫比亞醫師與外科醫生學院授予終身榮譽會員（1999年） 。

蔣北扶博士從小就開始收集蔣氏珍藏中的一些物品，其收藏靈感來自於懸掛在其父親在維多利亞裁縫店裡的加拿大太平洋輪船“亞洲女皇”的一張海報。他於1931年開始收集剪報和加拿大太平洋鐵路公司的印刷品。儘管他很快就把這個愛好放在一邊，專注於自己的教育，但當他完成學業並開始工作後，他於60年代重新煥發了對加拿大太平洋鐵路材料的興趣，並很快以收藏認真為書籍經銷商所認知。基於這些關係，經銷商們經常與蔣博士聯繫，介紹適合他收藏的物品。隨著對父親和祖父從中國到加拿大的旅程的追踪，他對加拿大太平洋鐵路的興趣也延申到了加拿大華人移民和不列顛哥倫比亞省的歷史。1999年，蔣博士向不列顛哥倫比亞大學圖書館捐贈了大量的藏品。他說：“我們將這些珍藏捐贈給UBC，以便使盡可能多的人有機會了解和欣賞他們的前輩們在這裡的奮鬥和快樂。” 蔣氏珍藏的其他部分可以在溫哥華海事博物館找到。

Roy Akira Miki was born October 10, 1942 in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He earned a Bachelor of Arts at the University of Manitoba in 1964, a Master of Arts at Simon Fraser University in 1969, and a Doctorate of Philosophy at the University of British Columbia in 1980. In the intervening years Miki married Slavia Knysh, the couple had two children, and Miki worked as a high school teacher and as a teaching assistant and sessional instructor at SFU. Miki was hired as an Assistant Professor at SFU in 1980, was promoted to Associate Professor in 1992, and became a full professor in 1993. Miki is a successful poet, essayist, and editor. He has received many awards, grants, and honours for his literary achievements including the 1991 Gabrielle Roy Prize for Canadian Criticism in for his work as editor of A Record of Writing: An Annotated and Illustrated Bibliography of George Bowering, the 1997 Association of Asian American Studies Poetry Award for his work as editor of Pacific Windows: The Collected Poetry of Roy K. Kiyooka, and the 2002 Governor Generals Award for Poetry for Surrender. Throughout the 1980s Miki was involved in the Japanese Canadian redress movement. Miki served as Chair of the Greater Vancouver Japanese Canadian Citizens Association Redress Committee, sat on the Council of the National Association of Japanese Canadians and worked for that organization as National Redress Coordinator and was otherwise involved in the redress movement as a researcher, writer, and activist.

Rudolph and Edith Crook were Canadians who served as Baptist medical missionaries in the Szechuan province of China between 1920 and 1950.

In the 1950s, S.H. Dean collaborated with J. Weld and produced nine coloured timber status and tenure maps. The authors worked for the B.C. Department of Lands and Forests.

As a diplomat, S.M. Scott represented Canada in London, Berlin, New Delhi, Tokyo and Karachi. He attended three General Assemblies of the United Nations (1943-1963) and taught at the University of Michigan.

Biographical information unavailable.

S.D. Scott was born in Westbrook, Nova Scotia where he lived on a farm until beginning his apprenticeship as a ship's blacksmith. He attended Dalhousie University for a year, but he was forced to return to work periodically as a blacksmith while also working on the college paper. In 1876 Scott completed his M.A. and became editor of the Sackville Post. He edited newspapers in Halifax and St. John for 25 years. In 1909 Scott came to Vancouver to work until 1917 on the News-Advertiser.

The St. Andrews and Caledonian Society in Vancouver was organized in 1886. Its objectives were to provide relief and mutual assistance to natives of Scotland and their descendants, to encourage a national spirit, and to promote Scottish music and literature. The Society sponsored The Caledonian Games annually and also held banquets honouring the poet Robert Burns and celebrating St. Andrew's Day.

Transport Labour Relations or TLR was a management bargaining agency formed to provide labour relations services to employers in British Columbia. It was an accredited employers' association governed by B.C.'s Labour Code. Originally incorporated in 1960 as the Automotive Transport Labour Relations Association, the association was renamed Transport Labour Relations in 1971. Thirteen years later in 1984 the association was dissolved.

As stated in its constitution, TLR was created to negotiate and conclude labour agreements with trade unions or other labour organizations. In order to carry out this mandate it formulated policies with respect to labour relations, collected information on matters pertaining to labour relations on behalf of its members, assisted and advised its members on matters pertaining to labour relations, processed grievances and arbitrations on behalf of its members where the dispute was of industry-wide importance and initiated and maintained liaison with other industries and employers' associations.

TLR at one time represented over 170 members ranging from major transportation companies to building supply stores and propane distributors. Its particular expertise was in negotiations with B.C.'s fifth largest union - the Teamsters. It negotiated and administered nine industry wide collective agreements with the Teamsters and two smaller agreements with the Machinists and the Operating Engineers covering small groups of employees in some of their member companies.

An elected Board of Directors governed the TLR. Each member of the Board was a volunteer drawn from the various industry groupings. The Board met every two months to set direction, goals and policy. Day to day operations were under the direction of the General Manager. The first president of TLR was E.A. Tilton, succeeding ATLRA Mal Pringle. The first chief negotiator was Carl Ansheim, followed by Dave Chapman, Ken Albertini and David Thomas as President and Chief Negotiator. Vern Kross was the last president of TLR.

Joseph William Trutch was born in England in 1826, the son of William Trutch and Charlotte Hannah (Barnes). He was one of five children. The other children were Caroline Agnes (Trutch) OReilly, John Trutch, Charlotte Barnes (Trutch) Davey and Emily (Trutch) Pinder White. After apprenticing as an engineer, he traveled to the United States in 1849, going first to California and then to Oregon where he was the assistant to John Preston, Oregons first Surveyor General. He married Prestons sister in law, Julia Hyde, in 1855 and they settled in Illinois. Following the discovery of gold in British Columbia, Trutch decided to move to that colony, where his brother John, also an engineer, had already settled. Trutch arrived in British Columbia in June 1859. He was awarded contracts to survey rural lands and for the construction of sections of the Harrison Lillooet road and, in 1862, for the construction of the section of the Cariboo Road between Chapmans Bar and Boston Bar. That contract included the construction of the Alexandra Suspension Bridge. Trutch was elected a member of the Vancouver Island House of Assembly in 1861. In 1864, he was named Chief Commissioner of Lands and Works for British Columbia. He was made an appointed member of the Legislative Council of the United Colony and advised Governor Seymour on Indian matters, accompanying him on the trip to Metlakatla in 1869 on which Seymour died. He was appointed a member of the delegation sent from British Columbia to Ottawa to negotiate the terms of confederation. When British Columbia joined Canada on July 20, 1871, Trutch was appointed the provinces first Lieutenant Governor (1871-1876). In 1880, Trutch was appointed dominion agent in British Columbia with responsibility for railway matters and for providing advice on Indian matters to the federal government. In 1889, he retired to England and was knighted. Julia (Hyde) and Joseph Trutch were members of the Victorias social elite and were connected through family ties and friendship with other members of that group. Trutchs sister, Caroline Agnes Trutch, married Peter OReilly in 1863. His brother John, a civil engineer and surveyor who had followed Trutch to North America, married Governor Anthony Musgraves sister, Zoe, in 1870. Trutch had also been at school in England with H.P.P. Crease. Lady Trutch died in Victoria on July 16th, 1895 and Sir Joseph Trutch died in Somerset, England, on March 4, 1904.

The United Fishermen and Allied Workers' Union was established in 1945 through the merger of the United Fishermen's Federal Union and the Fish, Cannery and Reduction Plant and Allied Workers Union. It survived strong competition from the B.C. Gillnetter's Association in 1952 and the Seafarers' International Union in 1953. The UFAWU was suspended by the Trades and Labour Congress in 1953 for alleged communist activities. It was not until 1972 when the Union's application for affiliation with the Canadian Labour Congress was accepted that its right to represent the majority of B.C. fishermen was recognized. The Union has strengthened the bargaining position of its members and it has undertaken to improve wages and working conditions in the industry.

The United Transportation Union, Local 422, represents non- operating running trades in the Vancouver area. Prior to the United Transportation Union, the non-operating train staff were represented by the Order of Railway Conductors, Switchmen's Union of North America, the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen (BRT) and the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen (BLFE). The BRT was part of the merger in 1969 and the BLFE joined with the UTU in 1976.

The Vagabond Club (1914-1928) was a Vancouver literary society for men intended for those interested in literature and possessing a sharp wit. A member was expected to verbally "attack" his fellow members in an amusing way. The Vagabond Club was formed at a time (1914) when this form of "verbal jousting" was commonplace. The Club was very much a Vancouver organization with a distinct focus on British Columbia and Canadian literature.

Valentine Quinn was an accountant for the Northern Bank in Vancouver and a partner in Quinn Brothers and Company, Wholesale Lumber and Commission Lumber, Lath and Shingles of Winnipeg.

The Vancouver Chapter of the Canadian Poetry Association was founded in 1987, and is allied with the CPA headquarters in Toronto, created in 1985 (in addition to Vancouver, there are chapters in Fort St. John, Saskatoon, Hamilton, Toronto, Halifax and Calgary). SPOKES is the quarterly newsletter published by the Vancouver chapter.

Vancouver Status of Women (VSW) was formed in 1971 in response to the Report of the Royal Commission on the Status of Women set up by Prime Minister Lester Pearson in 1967. VSW’s goals were to ensure that the recommendations of the Royal Commission were implemented, foster public knowledge of women’s issues, and facilitate communication amongst individuals and groups concerned with the status of women. The organization was originally named the British Columbia Status of Women Action Co-Ordinating Council (BCSWACC), then the British Columbia Status of Women Council (BCSWC). By 1973, the organization had legally incorporated and changed its name to its present incarnation.
In its early years, VSW conducted research and prepared education materials for women, government officials, and the general public. The organization participated in committees and task forces set up by all levels of government, advocated for individual women through the provision of an ombuds-service, produced a weekly television program called “Women Alive,” and distributed interviews and press releases to the media. From the 1970s until the early 1980s, VSW tended to center on the concerns of white, middle-class, cisgender, heterosexual women. From the early 1990s onwards, due to activism from women of colour and queer women that resulted in organizational re-structuring and the implementation of an affirmative action hiring policy, the white and heteronormative culture of the organization began to shift. It was not until 2001 though that VSW implemented a trans-inclusive policy. VSW’s transphobic practices were confronted during this time by queer feminists of colour, who pushed for the VSW coordinating collective to engage in processes of critical education around this subject. In 2008, VSW’s policy statement was again revised to include intersex, non-binary, and pan-gender individuals.
From 1974-2001, VSW published Kinesis, a national feminist newspaper that was issued ten times a year. Kinesis had an anti-oppression mandate, and thus featured articles that combatted sexism, racism, classism, homophobia, ableism, imperialism, and other forms and systems of marginalization. Beginning in 1991, VSW released its Single Mother’s Resource Guide. In 2005, VSW also released its Welfare Resource Guide for Women, which includes information about B.C.’s welfare system and employment insurance regulations.
Since its inception, VSW has addressed the following issues: discrimination in the public education system, pay equity, violence against women, the lack of community services for women, pensions, pornography, inadequate unemployment and welfare rates, the anti-choice movement, and corporate globalization. Beginning in the mid-1990s, VSW began to prioritize anti-racism and anti-oppression work, as well as concerns specific to immigrant women, Indigenous women, women of colour, single mothers, and others. In the early 2000s, VSW engaged in learning about issues affecting transgender individuals and shifted its policies to be trans-inclusive.
VSW’s funding sources and organizational structure have shifted substantially over its existence. In 1973, the organization received funding from the federal government, the provincial government of B.C., and the City of Vancouver. It maintained a staff of 13 and featured a Board of Directors. Volunteers were frequently involved.
In 1983, the Social Credit government in B.C. withdrew all provincial funding from the VSW. After sustained lobbying, VSW procured a small operating grant from the federal government through the Secretary of State Women’s Program. VSW continued to receive financial support from the City of Vancouver. Following this, VSW reduced its number of permanent staff to four. A further 15% reduction in Secretary of State funding in 1989 and a 10% reduction in 1993 reduced the VSW staff to three full-time and three part-time individuals. In 1987, VSW moved from its location in Kitsilano to Grant Street, just off Commercial Drive.
In 1992, VSW changed its organizational structure from a board of directors to a coordinating collective comprising staff and volunteers. In addition, VSW implemented a consensus decision-making model and developed an affirmative action hiring policy. As a result, more women of colour and Indigenous women took up employment at the organization. VSW’s affirmative action hiring policy also led to new partnerships with groups such as the Aboriginal Women’s Action Network and the South Asian Women’s Centre. In 1997, VSW moved to a location on East Hastings Street.
In 2002, the B.C. provincial government announced that it would cut core funding to 37 women centres. VSW protested this decision alongside other organizations, including the BC Coalition of Women Centres and End Legislative Poverty. On March 12, 2004, five members of the BC Coalition of Women Centres—including a staff member from VSW—occupied a room of the B.C. Legislature after a half hour meeting with Ida Chong to protest these cuts.
By 2004, VSW’s core funding from the provincial government ended, and the organization lost $48,000 annually. In the same year though, as a result of donations, VSW was able to purchase 2642 East Hastings Street to set as their headquarter. In 2005, the organization received funding from Direct Access gaming, the City of Vancouver, Status of Women Canada, and donors and members.
In 2020, the organization closed down their physical office and plan to rethink how they can function as an association moving forward.

YWCA Metro Vancouver was founded in 1897 and incorporated as a society in 1905. It is a non-profit, membership- and volunteer-based charitable organization. Originally formed by members of two Vancouver charitable organizations, the Women’s Improvement League of St. Andrew’s Presbyterian Church and the Anglican Girls’ Friendly Society, the organization’s initial mandate concerned providing relief work. However, the four women who established YWCA Metro Vancouver—Skinner, Banfield, Macaulay, and Southcott—quickly expanded the mandate to more fully support young women’s independence. The YWCA has always worked to fulfill its mandate through integrated services. Today, its mission is to advance gender equity.

YWCA Metro Vancouver is a local organization participating in the broader YWCA movement. Started in England in 1855, the YWCA movement includes all YWCA organizations. The YWCA movement operates at three levels: local, national, and world. As a local YWCA, YWCA Metro Vancouver is an independent entity, governed by its own Board of Directors following its own mission statement. Alongside other local Canadian YWCAs, YWCA Metro Vancouver is a member of the YWCA of Canada. Founded in 1893, the YWCA of Canada is a national YWCA that serves as coordinating body for all local YWCAs in Canada. Delegates from local YWCAs attend National Conventions every four years to elect the National Board of the YWCA of Canada and collaborate on policy and priorities. The YWCA of Canada has been a member of World YWCA since 1895. Founded in 1894, the World YWCA coordinates and connects national YWCAs globally. The YWCA of Canada elects Canadian delegates to attend the World YWCA Council every four years to determine policies and priorities for the World YWCA.

Although a member of the YWCA of Canada, YWCA Metro Vancouver is an autonomous entity, with organizational policy implemented by members via the elected Board of Directors. Elected annually from and by YWCA Metro Vancouver members, the Board of Directors is responsible for managing the affairs of the full organization, including policy- and priority-setting, strategic planning, budget management, and decision-making based on committee recommendations. The Board works with the Leadership Team, originally known as the Management Team, to accomplish this work. The Leadership Team is composed of key YWCA staff. The Board also recruits and employs the CEO, or the Executive Director before 1998, who acts as Head of Staff. The CEO partners with the Chair of the Board, called the President before 2002. YWCA Metro Vancouver staff members report to their supervisors who report to the CEO, committee members report to chair-people who report to the Chair of the Board, the CEO and Chair partner and report to the Board, and the Board is responsible to the membership.

YWCA Metro Vancouver has changed its priorities, policies, and name according to the identified needs of its membership. Founded as the Vancouver Young Women’s Christian Association, YWCA Metro Vancouver’s name has been through several iterations and meanings. One concerns the “C” present in “YWCA.” In 1965, the Vancouver YWCA brought forth a proposal to the YWCA of Canada for membership to be open to anyone regardless of religion. Four years later, this proposal was brought up by the Vancouver and Winnipeg YWCAs, and officially adopted. Although founded as a Christian organization, YWCA Metro Vancouver membership is now open to any who wish to join, regardless of gender or religion. YWCA Metro Vancouver identifies as a secular organization, but has kept the “C” in its name due to the influence of Christianity in its legacy. Additionally, in 2011 the organization changed its name to YWCA Metro Vancouver to “reflect [its] commitment serving communities throughout the region spanning Burnaby, Surrey, the Tri-cities, Maple Ridge, Langley/Aldergrove, Abbotsford, New Westminster, Richmond and North Vancouver” (“About the YWCA: Our Story”).

YWCA Metro Vancouver uses an integrated service model, considering the context of Vancouver and characteristics of the community served to inform its work. Early services included housing, an Employment Bureau, and Traveller’s Aid aimed at job-seeking young women new to Vancouver. Additional programs and services were influenced by priorities regularly identified by the organization. To provide these young women with social opportunities and improve their employment prospects, the YWCA began its fitness programs and adult education courses in the 1910s. Due to the outbreak and aftermath of World War I, in the 1920s YWCA provided counselling and sewing services for military hospitals, expanded its Health Education department, housed soldiers and their families, and assisted in resettling orphans, refugees, and soldiers’ families. The organization shifted its programming from a focus on Bible studies and church-going to personal and professional development programs and social and educational clubs. In response to the Great Depression in the 1930s, the YWCA focused its services towards providing affordable housing to homeless women and offering classes and training in marketable skills to assist women’s employability. Simultaneously, an emerging focus on international engagement, teenage programming, and leadership training in the 1930s led to Hi-Y programs for high schoolers and the founding in 1938 of the “Chinese Department” that would later become the Pender Y. A branch of the YWCA addressing Vancouver Chinatown’s community needs, Pender Y ran from 1944 to 1978. In the 1940s, the YWCA as a national movement focused on accommodating soldiers and their visiting relatives, as well as supporting women assuming additional responsibilities while male family members served overseas. After the war, the YWCA developed programs to advocate for women to keep their jobs and responsibilities when faced with the societal pressure to relinquish them. From the 1940s to 1960s, further developing YWCA programs and services were decentralized to branch YWCAs, including the West Vancouver Community Association and Vancouver East Community Y, among others. The YWCA responded to the Baby Boom of the 1950s by gearing its services to help mothers at every stage of motherhood. By the 1960s and 1970s, the YWCA identified priorities including leadership development, financial development, and social action. The organization became more vocal on Canadian and international social issues, prioritized transient youth and domestic abuse survivors, and expanded its employment guidance, counselling services, and mentorship programming. Munroe House, Canada’s first long-stay transition home for women and their children escaping abuse, opened in 1979. In the 1980s and 1990s, the YWCA identified childcare for teenage, working, and/or single mothers as an unfulfilled need and opened several childcare centres. Since the early 2000s, YWCA Metro Vancouver has focused on affordable housing, employment programs, ending gender-based violence, fitness and education, legal supports, and universal childcare. Several Vancouver-based community service organizations have found their beginnings as YWCA Metro Vancouver services before separating and becoming independent, including MOSAIC and Big Sisters.

YWCA Metro Vancouver continues to be an important and active part of its community.

References:
“About the YWCA: Our Story.” YWCA Metro Vancouver, 2023, https://ywcavan.org/our-story.

W.R. Black was a poet and author.

The Weekly Gazette and Home News was published as a farmer's newspaper in Point Grey and circulated in the municipalities of Richmond, Delta, and other districts in the Fraser Valley of British Columbia. Predecessors of the Weekly Gazette date back to 1908. Dorothy Bell became the publisher and editor of the paper in 1918. Leon Ladner was in charge of the paper's editorial policy. The newspaper merged with the Citizen in 1926 to form the Citizen-Gazette.

Headquarters in Vancouver, British Columbia, Westcoast Energy Inc. is a natural gas company with operations across North America and interests in international energy companies. Its main activities include natural gas gathering, processing, transmission, storage, distribution and marketing, as well as power generation and other energy services. Its predecessor company, established by Frank McMahon, was incorporated by a special act of Parliament in 1949. By 2000, the company, called Westcoast Energy Inc. since 1988, had a gathering, processing and transmission system consisting of 5,600 kilometres of pipeline and five gas processing plants, including plants at Pine River, Boundary Lake and Saratoga, and three sulphur recovery plants. In March, 2002, Westcoast Energy Inc. was acquired for $8 billion by the U.S. Company Duke Energy.

The eldest son of William White, bookseller and printer, of Bedford, William Hale White worked as a civil servant for much of his career as well as being involved with the Westminster Review in the 1850s. His fame as an author rests chiefly upon his pseudonymous autobiographical works, The Autobiography of Mark Rutherford (1881), its sequel Mark Rutherford's Deliverance (1910), and Pages from a journal (1900).

William Holman Hunt was born in London. He became an estate agent in 1843 He entered the Academy Schools in 1844 where he exhibited his first painting, "Hark", in 1846. Hunt's friendship with Dante Gabriel Rossetti was apparent in his work "Rienzi" where the initials P.R.B. (Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood) appear after his name. Artistic fame finally came with Hunt's "The Light of the World".
In August 1848, Hunt began working with Dante Gabriel Rossetti whose influence became evident when Hunt'b next painting,"Rienzi " (1849), aPpeared with the initials P .R.B . after the surname. This signified Hunt's principle membership in the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, a group with whose precepts he was to remain faithful throughout his life. The Brotherhood's primary members Hunt, Rossetti and Millais used hard colours;, brilliant lighting and meticulous attention to detail to establish a style that was to herald a new movement of painting in England.
Hunt traveled with Rossetti to Paris and Belgium and completed "Chtistians Escaping From the Druids" in 1850, but public hostility towards the Brotherhood caused the picture to be unappreciated. Although John Ruskin praised "Valentine Protecting Sylvia From Ptoteus(1851), it was not until the showing of "'The Light of the World" (1853) that Hunt won artistic fame . From 1854-55 Hunt visited Syria and Palestine, where he painted with the symbolic religious imagery that was to dominate his remaining work . Among his important later paintings are : "The: Shadow of Death" (1870), "The Triumph of the Innocents" (1884), "May Morning on Magdalene Tower" (1889), and "The Miracle of the Sacred Fire (1898). In 1905, Hunt published his controversial book Pre--Raphaelitism and the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood and was awarded the Order of Merit. He died in London,September 1910 and was buried at St. Paul's Cathedral.