The fonds consist of correspondence, personal documents, and memorabilia of his career acquired by his son, Carr E. R. Sherrington. The correspondence is largely comprised of letters. The first section are letters by Sir Charles Scott Sherrington to Sir John Carew Eccles, Carr E.R. Sherrington and to Dr. William Gibson. There are also letters from CSS to various other people filed under Miscellaneous Letters. There is also great deal of letters to Charles Scott Sherrington from approximately 317 senders. There are also letters relating to CSS, with approximately 18 different senders.

Throughout the fonds are copies of letters obtained from the Yale Medical Library of correspondence between CSS and John Farquhar Fulton, William R. LeFanu, the Royal Society of London, E.A. Schafer and Angelo Ruffini. Finally, there is correspondence between Carr E. R. Sherrington and Dr. William Gibson, which were added later to the fonds, in addition to copies of Sherrington’s publications.

The fonds also contains manuscripts, notebooks, notes and drafts by Sherrington, covering a range of subjects including Jean Fernel, Sir William Osler, and Goethe. There are address books, laboratory notes with drawings discussing the mind-matter relationship and biology. There is also an unidentified paper written in 1948. There is a collection of articles and book reviews about CSS, handwritten manuscripts, and menus and invitations for events.

There are photographs in the fonds, specifically illustrations for frontispieces from books, as well as photographs of buildings, landscapes and laboratories. The fonds also contains certificates and diplomas received by CSS from various institutions, including honorary degrees and memberships to societies. There are also objects in the fonds, such as medals, chairs, ice skates, and hats, which are kept in the Sherrington Room at the Woodward Library, and are listed as such in the finding aid.